{"id":13149,"date":"2013-05-17T09:30:01","date_gmt":"2013-05-17T02:30:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ivivu.com\/blog\/?p=13149"},"modified":"2013-06-27T14:08:52","modified_gmt":"2013-06-27T07:08:52","slug":"nhung-cung-duong-sat-bang-qua-day-himalaya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ivivu.com\/blog\/2013\/05\/nhung-cung-duong-sat-bang-qua-day-himalaya\/","title":{"rendered":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng cung \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft b\u0103ng qua d\u00e3y Himalaya"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi Mountain Railways of India, nh\u1eefng tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft b\u0103ng qua n\u00fai \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi cho s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201cdi s\u1ea3n\u201d m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t \u1ea4n trong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e0u. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray xe l\u1eeda n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 trong g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 qua.<\/p>\n

\"DHR_780_on_Batasia_Loop_05-02-21_08\"<\/a><\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ba \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xe l\u1eeda v\u01b0\u1ee3t n\u00fai \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t n\u0103m 1999, 2005, 2008 l\u00e0 Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, Nilgiri Mountain Railway v\u00e0 Kalka Shimla Railway.<\/p>\n

Ba cung \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xe l\u1eeda n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a du kh\u00e1ch phi\u00eau l\u01b0u v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng r\u1eb7ng n\u00fai, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 x\u01b0a.<\/p>\n

1. Nilgiri Mountain Railway<\/h2>\n

\"ooty3\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Du kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1eafm nh\u00ecn khung c\u1ea3nh ngo\u1ea1n m\u1ee5c khi \u0111i tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u qua cung \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Nilgiri Mountain Railway<\/p>\n

Cung \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y d\u00e0i 46 km, ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng r\u1eb7ng n\u00fai c\u1ee7a bang Tamil Nadu.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray Himalayan \u1edf ph\u00eda B\u1eafc, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e1y h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i Mettupalayam, xuy\u00ean qua khu r\u1eebng ph\u00eda Nam, h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean cao t\u1ea1i Udhagamandalam.<\/p>\n

Ga t\u00e0u tr\u00ean n\u00fai n\u00e0y t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ootycamund hay \u201cOoty\u201d, \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean theo m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh t\u1eebng \u0111i t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i m\u00e1t m\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1i n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

\"1622\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e0u Nilgiri \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u0103m 1854. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u00e9p \u0111o \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 ra s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u1ea3n ch\u00ed c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn n\u0103m 1891, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e0u m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf c\u1eeda n\u0103m 1908. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng ray \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0a con t\u00e0u l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 cao t\u1eeb 326 m \u0111\u1ebfn 2.203 m – m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u kh\u00f3 tin v\u00e0o h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e0u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t b\u1edfi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e1y h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00e1nh r\u0103ng n\u1eb1m ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e0u. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u00e0u l\u00ean d\u1ed1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn h\u01a1n, tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1ee3t.<\/p>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng phanh tay k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e1nh xe t\u00e0u v\u00e0 b\u00e1nh r\u0103ng s\u1ebd gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray Nilgiri.<\/p>\n

V\u1ecb tr\u00ed: Ooty – Mi\u1ec1n nam \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 – Bang Tamil Nadu. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i t\u00e0u t\u1eeb Bangalore, \u0111\u1ebfn Mysore r\u1ed3i n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn Ooty.<\/em><\/p>\n

2. Darjeeling Himalayan Railway<\/h2>\n

M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e1y nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cxe l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i\u201d b\u1edfi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 m\u1edf c\u1eeda n\u0103m 1881.<\/p>\n

Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ea3 cung \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 82 km, \u0111i t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9 cao 120 m so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i Siliguri \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 cao 2.257 m t\u1ea1i Ghum.<\/p>\n

\""Xe<\/a>

“Xe l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i” Daarjeeling Himalayan Railway<\/p><\/div>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray u\u1ed1n cong ngo\u1eb1n ngo\u00e8o v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft th\u00fac theo h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef chi.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng v\u00e0nh \u0111ai, kh\u00fac quanh, h\u1ea7m v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 con t\u00e0u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n 2.000 m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

\"2012-09-14-0285\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Darjeeling c\u0169ng l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3i ch\u00e8 xanh m\u01b0\u1edbt.<\/p>\n

V\u1ecb tr\u00ed: Siriguri – Bang T\u00e2y Bengal, ph\u00eda b\u1eafc \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, g\u1ea7n bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Nepal v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn Siriguri t\u1eeb Kolkata (Calcutta) b\u1eb1ng xe bu\u00fdt ho\u1eb7c t\u00e0u.<\/em><\/p>\n

3. Kalka Shimla Railway<\/h2>\n

\"9nov-world-heritage-02\"<\/a><\/p>\n

D\u00e0i 96 km v\u00e0 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 cao 1.420 m, cung \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1i n\u00f3ng t\u1ea1i th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a bang Raj b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i t\u00e0u l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1m Shimla.<\/p>\n

\"KSR_Train_on_a_big_bridge_05-02-12_\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Ri\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e0u n\u00e0y \u0111i qua 102 c\u0103n h\u1ea7m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn 1.143 m. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111i qua 864 c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u l\u1edbn nh\u1ecf v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u00f2ng cung l\u00e0m gi\u00e1 ch\u1ed1ng b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, g\u1ee3i l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc c\u1ed1ng l\u1ed9 thi\u00ean th\u1eddi La M\u00e3.<\/p>\n

\"maxresdefault\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n xe l\u1eeda mu\u1ed1n gh\u00e9 th\u0103m m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn h\u00f4m nay, v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ea1n \u0111i t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i, qua \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng xo\u00e0ng x\u0129nh ch\u00fat n\u00e0o!<\/p>\n

\"train\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng cung \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111i qua. Ngo\u00e0i ra nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n b\u00e3o l\u0169 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, b\u1edfi ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn l\u0169 qu\u00e9t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1eef g\u00ecn v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng di s\u1ea3n qu\u00fd b\u00e1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eed th\u00e1ch v\u00e0 t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u kinh ph\u00ed, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a du kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ba cung \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

V\u1ecb tr\u00ed: T\u00e2y b\u1eafc \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 – Kalka \u2013 Bang Himachal Pradesh & Haryana. T\u1eeb New Dehli b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ebf \u0111i t\u00e0u l\u00ean Chandigarh, sau \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn Kalka.<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray n\u00e0y?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea1m th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n n\u00fai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0u l\u1eeda \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, ho\u1eb7c du kh\u00e1ch c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i xe bu\u00fdt, \u00f4 t\u00f4 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/strong><\/p>\n

Du kh\u00e1ch n\u00ean ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, b\u1edfi cung \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda n\u1ebfu tuy\u1ebft r\u01a1i tr\u00ean khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00eda B\u1eafc hay m\u00f9a m\u01b0a th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 l\u0169 qu\u00e9t. Theo d\u00f5i d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0m g\u00ec khi \u0111i t\u00e0u l\u00ean n\u00fai?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng cung \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u di chuy\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eebng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn d\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i m\u00e0 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf l\u1ea1i ch\u01a1i hay kh\u00f4ng. T\u00e0u \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng n\u00ean ch\u00fa \u00fd r\u1eb1ng v\u1ec1 kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ec5 gi\u1edd th\u00ec t\u00e0u \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 lu\u00f4n x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

Tham kh\u1ea3o kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n \u1edf nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c cung \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y:<\/strong><\/p>\n