{"id":13570,"date":"2013-05-24T10:58:34","date_gmt":"2013-05-24T03:58:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ivivu.com\/blog\/?p=13570"},"modified":"2013-06-27T14:24:34","modified_gmt":"2013-06-27T07:24:34","slug":"nhung-ngoi-chua-noi-tieng-dat-thang-long-ha-noi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ivivu.com\/blog\/2013\/05\/nhung-ngoi-chua-noi-tieng-dat-thang-long-ha-noi\/","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ea5t Th\u0103ng Long – H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ngay gi\u1eefa th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, t\u1eadp trung h\u01a1n 100 ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a l\u1edbn nh\u1ecf, n\u1eb1m xen k\u1ebd trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea5p n\u1eadp. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1ng v\u1ebb nguy\u00ean s\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a Qu\u00e1n S\u1ee9<\/h2>\n

\"Ch\u00f9a<\/a><\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a Qu\u00e1n S\u1ee9 n\u1eb1m \u1edf s\u1ed1 73 ph\u1ed1 Qu\u00e1n S\u1ee9 , ph\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o, qu\u1eadn Ho\u00e0n Ki\u1ebfm. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c th\u00f4n Y\u00ean T\u1eadp, huy\u1ec7n Th\u1ecd X\u01b0\u01a1ng, ph\u1ee7 Ph\u1ee5ng Thi\u00ean. Ch\u00f9a th\u1edd Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u1edd v\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c s\u01b0 tri\u1ec1u L\u00fd l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Minh Kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1943, T\u1ed5ng h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Qu\u00e1n S\u1ee9. N\u0103m 1942, ch\u00f9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y l\u1ea1i theo quy m\u00f4 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u00e0 trang tr\u00ed n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay. Ch\u00f9a c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u1edbn, tam quan ki\u1ec3u 3 t\u1ea7ng m\u00e1i, ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa l\u00e0 l\u1ea7u chu\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Qua tam quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng l\u00e1t g\u1ea1ch. Gi\u1eefa s\u00e2n x\u00e2y t\u00f2a ch\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n cao, h\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh lang bao quanh. Hai b\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb1ng sau l\u00e0 l\u00e0 d\u00e3y nh\u00e0 dung l\u00e0m th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 t\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng. Ch\u00f9a Qu\u00e1n S\u1ee9 hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a L\u00e1ng (Chi\u00eau Thi\u1ec1n T\u1ef1)<\/h2>\n

\"Ch\u00f9a<\/a><\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a L\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb th\u1eddi vua L\u00fd Th\u1ea7n T\u00f4ng (1128-1138) \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1edd T\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1o H\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 tu h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng th\u1eddi L\u00fd. Ch\u00f9a l\u1eadp ngay tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n nh\u00e0 c\u0169 c\u1ee7a cha m\u1eb9 T\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1o H\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 T\u1eeb Vinh v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Loan, \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u1eadn l\u00e0ng Y\u00ean L\u00e3ng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u00e0ng L\u00e1ng v\u00ec th\u1ebf g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u00f9a L\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n

T\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n khi nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 T\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1o H\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o li\u1ec1n h\u00f3a ki\u1ebfp \u1edf ch\u00f9a S\u00e0i S\u01a1n (t\u1ee9c ch\u00f9a Th\u00e0y), huy\u1ec7n Qu\u1ed1c Oai, \u0111\u1ea7u thai l\u00e0m con trai S\u00f9ng Hi\u1ec1n h\u1ea7u D\u01b0\u01a1ng Ho\u00e1n, em ru\u1ed9t vua L\u00fd Nh\u00e2n T\u00f4ng. L\u00fd Nh\u00e2n T\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con trai, l\u1eadp con c\u1ee7a S\u00f9ng Hi\u1ec1n h\u1ea7u D\u01b0\u01a1ng Ho\u00e1n l\u00e0m Th\u00e1i t\u1eed. V\u1ec1 sau ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai \u1ea5y l\u00e0m vua t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 L\u00fd Th\u1ea7n T\u00f4ng. C\u0169ng v\u00ec s\u1ef1 t\u00edch \u1ea5y m\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y ch\u00f9a L\u00e1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00f9a Th\u00e0y th\u1edd T\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1o H\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1edd L\u00fd Th\u1ea7n T\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a L\u00e1ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t khu \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y c\u1ed5 th\u1ee5, t\u1eeb x\u01b0a v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t t\u00f9ng l\u00e2m c\u1ee7a kinh \u0111\u00f4 Th\u0103ng Long. T\u1eeb th\u1eddi L\u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn nay, ch\u00f9a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebb c\u1ed5 k\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

Trong ch\u00f9a c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1edd c\u1ed5, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1eadt, c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng L\u00fd Th\u1ea7n T\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1o H\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1c b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7 \u0111\u00e1, m\u00e0 \u0111an b\u1eb1ng m\u00e2y v\u00e0 qu\u00e9t s\u01a1n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, trong ch\u00f9a c\u00f2n gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch kinh b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u1eafc ch\u1eef, t\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a vua L\u00fd Nh\u00e2n T\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng t\u1ee5ng ni\u1ec7m khi sinh th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a C\u1ea7u \u0110\u00f4ng<\/h2>\n

\"Ch\u00f9a<\/a><\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 “\u0110\u00f4ng Hoa M\u00f4n t\u1ef1” b\u1eafc qua s\u00f4ng T\u00f4 \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e0nh Th\u0103ng Long x\u01b0a. Hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u00f9a n\u1eb1m t\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 38 B ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0ng \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u01b0\u1eddng H\u00e0ng \u0110\u00e0o, trong khu v\u1ef1c ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y d\u00e0i 180m nh\u01b0ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai c\u1ee7a hai l\u00e0ng c\u1ed5. \u0110o\u1ea1n tr\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0ng V\u0129nh Th\u00e1i, \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng Hoa M\u00f4n.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a C\u1ea7u \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb th\u1eddi L\u00ea (th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII). N\u0103m V\u0129nh T\u1ed9 th\u1ee9 6 (1624), ch\u00f9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c n\u0103m 1639, 1711, 1816 ch\u00f9a l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f9ng tu.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a hi\u1ec7n gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ed5. Tam quan x\u00e2y l\u1ea7u cao l\u00e0m g\u00e1c chu\u00f4ng. Ch\u00f9a ch\u00ednh h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef \u0111inh, c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng ch\u1ea1m h\u1ed5 ph\u00f9, r\u1ed3ng v\u1eddn m\u00e2y, hoa l\u00e1 mang phong c\u00e1ch ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a c\u00f3 60 pho t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed5, ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Tuy\u1ebft S\u01a1n, Di L\u1ea1c v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 Tam Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u1ed5 v\u1eadt r\u1ea5t qu\u00ed. Ch\u00f9a c\u00f2n b\u1ed1n t\u1ea5m bia c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i 1624, 1639, 1711, 1816. Bia 1624 c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng M\u00f4n t\u1ef1 k\u00fd (b\u00e0i k\u00fd v\u1ec1 ch\u00f9a \u0110\u00f4ng M\u00f4n) do nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec7p d\u1ef1ng, k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng mua th\u00eam \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng khu\u00f4n vi\u00ean v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1edf mang ch\u00f9a.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, trong ch\u00f9a c\u00f2n c\u1ed5 v\u1eadt l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 chu\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00fac th\u1eddi T\u00e2y S\u01a1n n\u0103m 1800, ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u C\u1ea3nh Th\u1ecbnh th\u1ee9 8. Tr\u00ean chu\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00e0i minh m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef: \u201cAn Nam qu\u1ed1c, Ph\u1ee5ng Thi\u00ean ph\u1ee7, Th\u1ecd X\u01b0\u01a1ng huy\u1ec7n, \u0110\u00f4ng Hoa M\u00f4n N\u1ed9i T\u1ef1 th\u00f4n\u201d, v\u00e0 cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cDuy g\u1ecdi ch\u00f9a c\u1ed5, c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e1 ven s\u00f4ng, s\u00f4ng T\u00f4 b\u00ean tr\u00e1i, c\u1eeda Hoa b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i\u201d.<\/p>\n

Ghi ch\u00e9p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9a. (C\u1eeda Hoa t\u1ee9c c\u1eeda \u0110\u00f4ng Hoa \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng ng\u00e3 t\u01b0 H\u00e0ng V\u1ea3i-B\u00e1t S\u1ee9). Trong ch\u00f9a b\u00ean tr\u00e1i h\u1eadu cung c\u00f3 th\u1edd hai pho t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Tr\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7 \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 b\u00e0 v\u1ee3. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1edd v\u1ecb khai qu\u1ed1c nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n. Ch\u00f9a C\u1ea7u \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o ca dao:<\/p>\n

“C\u1ea7u \u0110\u00f4ng vang ti\u1ebfng chu\u00f4ng ch\u00f9a<\/p>\n

Tr\u0103ng soi gi\u00e1 n\u1ebfn, gi\u00f3 l\u00f9a kh\u00f3i h\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0ng \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng…\u201d<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1989, ch\u00f9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed9 V\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 Di t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed – v\u0103n h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a Ng\u0169 X\u00e3<\/h2>\n

\"Ch\u00f9a<\/a><\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a Ng\u0169 X\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Th\u1ea7n Quang T\u1ef1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVIII th\u1eddi h\u1eadu L\u00ea (1428-1788 ). X\u01b0a ch\u00f9a thu\u1ed9c th\u00f4n Ng\u0169 X\u00e3, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o b\u00ean h\u1ed3 Tr\u00fac B\u1ea1ch, c\u00f3 ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u00fac \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng thu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng Thu\u1eadn Th\u00e0nh, huy\u1ec7n V\u0129nh Thu\u1eadn, th\u00e0nh Th\u0103ng Long. Nay l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 44 ph\u1ed1 Ng\u0169 X\u00e3, ph\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00fac B\u1ea1ch, qu\u1eadn Ba \u0110\u00ecnh – H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a Ng\u0169 X\u00e3, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c th\u1edd Ph\u1eadt c\u00f2n th\u1edd nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n Minh Kh\u00f4ng, t\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u00fac \u0111\u1ed3ng. \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t pho t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Di \u0110\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fac n\u0103m 1952.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eafp c\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea3n (t\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y 8-4 \u00e2m l\u1ecbch) n\u0103m 1949. \u0110\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y n\u0103m 1952 th\u00ec kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh. T\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao g\u1ea7n 4m, chu vi t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111o t\u1edbi 11,6m. Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n pho t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 10 t\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed3ng. C\u00f2n T\u00f2a sen g\u1ed3m 76 c\u00e1nh c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng t\u1edbi 1,6 t\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed3ng. T\u01b0\u1ee3ng Di \u0110\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00f9a Ng\u0169 X\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u00fac \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a Ng\u0169 X\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 ba ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i trong th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 40 v\u00e0 50 b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi (xi m\u0103ng, s\u1eaft th\u00e9p), nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn gi\u1eef phong c\u00e1ch ch\u00f9a c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam (hai ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a kia l\u00e0 ch\u00f9a Qu\u00e1n S\u1ee9 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1942 v\u00e0 ch\u00f9a H\u01b0ng K\u00fd x\u00e2y n\u0103m 1933).<\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed9 V\u0103n h\u00f3a-Th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 Di t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed – v\u0103n h\u00f3a ng\u00e0y 11\/5\/1993.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a H\u00f2e Nhai<\/h2>\n

\"Ch\u00f9a<\/a><\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a Ho\u00e8 Nhai t\u00ean ch\u1eef l\u00e0 H\u1ed3ng Ph\u00fac t\u1ef1, nay \u1edf s\u1ed1 19 ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0ng Than, ph\u01b0\u1eddng Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Tr\u1ef1c, qu\u1eadn Ba \u0110\u00ecnh, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a c\u1ed5, t\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 L\u00fd, tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa l\u1edbn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u0103m 1687, 1899 v\u00e0 1952.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u00eda sau l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng, xung quanh l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh lang. Trong ch\u00f9a c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bia \u0111\u00e1, c\u1ed5 h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 bia d\u1ef1ng n\u0103m Ch\u00ednh Ho\u00e0 24 (1703) ghi r\u00f5 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u00f9a \u1edf ph\u01b0\u1eddng Ho\u00e8 Nhai, t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea7u t\u1ee9c B\u1ebfn \u0110\u00f4ng. Ch\u00ednh nh\u1edd bia n\u00e0y m\u00e0 gi\u1edbi s\u1eed h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y nay x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng ng\u00e0y 29-1-1258 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n m\u00e0 s\u1eed ch\u00e9p l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea7u, \u0111u\u1ed5i qu\u00e2n<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kinh th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c g\u1ea7n ch\u00f9a Ho\u00e8 Nhai ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n

Trong ch\u00f9a c\u00f3 36 pho t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u1ed5 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C\u1eedu Long (Th\u00edch Ca m\u1edbi ra \u0111\u1eddi) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean l\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng vua n\u1eb1m ph\u1ee5c xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a H\u00f2e Nhai l\u00e0 \u201cch\u1ed1n t\u1ed5\u201d c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i T\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed9ng, m\u1ed9t trong hai ph\u00e1i l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1962, Th\u00e0nh H\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y th\u00e1p \u1ea5n Quang \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u1ee9c tu t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a \u1ea5n Quang S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 thi\u00eau ng\u00e0y 11-6-1963, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed9 V\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 Di t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed – v\u0103n h\u00f3a ng\u00e0y 21\/1\/1989.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a Kim Li\u00ean<\/h2>\n

\"Ch\u00f9a<\/a><\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean d\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u00e0ng Nghi T\u00e0m, b\u00ean b\u1edd h\u1ed3 T\u00e2y, nay thu\u1ed9c ph\u01b0\u1eddng Nghi T\u00e0m, qu\u1eadn T\u00e2y H\u1ed3. T\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n n\u01a1i d\u1ef1ng ch\u00f9a l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n c\u0169 c\u1ee7a cung T\u1eeb Hoa c\u00f3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi L\u00fd. Nguy\u00ean c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa T\u1eeb Hoa, con g\u00e1i vua L\u00fd Th\u1ea7n T\u00f4ng (1128-1138) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em cung n\u1eef t\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y tr\u1ed3ng d\u00e2u, nu\u00f4i t\u1eb1m, m\u1edf ra tr\u1ea1i T\u00e0m Tang (t\u1eb1m d\u00e2u).Tr\u1ea1i n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u1eddng Nghi T\u00e0m.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a c\u00f3 t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII. Theo t\u1ea5m bia hi\u1ec7n c\u00f2n trong ch\u00f9a so\u1ea1n ra c\u00f3 n\u00eau: ch\u00f9a v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Bi d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1631. B\u1ea3y n\u0103m sau, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n g\u00f3p c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00eam khu ch\u00f9a. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1771, ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh cho d\u1ee1 ch\u00f9a B\u1ea3o L\u00e2m \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y kinh th\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 tu b\u1ed5 l\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean ch\u00f9a l\u00e0 Kim Li\u00ean.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1i t\u00ean Kim Li\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o ch\u00f9a nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 do l\u1ea7n tr\u00f9ng tu v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1792 v\u1edbi b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c theo ki\u1ec3u ch\u1eef “tam”, g\u1ed3m ba n\u1ebfp, m\u1ed7i n\u1ebfp c\u00f3 hai t\u1ea7ng m\u00e1i. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111ao cong v\u00fat, m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Trong ch\u00f9a c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t pho t\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00fd khi\u1ebfn gi\u1edbi s\u1eed h\u1ecdc h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 pho t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung ni\u00ean, r\u00e2u ba ch\u00f2m, m\u00ecnh m\u1eb7c \u00e1o c\u00e0 sa, tay c\u1ea7m h\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i m\u0169 d\u00e0nh cho vua quan. C\u00f3 thuy\u1ebft b\u1ea3o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh. Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng coi gi\u1eef ch\u00f9a, nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i th\u1ecb trong ph\u1ee7 ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i pho t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y (c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n hai tr\u0103m n\u0103m), \u1edf gian gi\u1eefa ch\u00f9a c\u00f3 b\u1ee9c ho\u00e0nh phi “Ho\u00e0ng u\u1ea9n\u201d (c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: \u0110\u1ea1o l\u00fd s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i) l\u00e0m v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1870. C\u00f2n ho\u00e0nh phi “Li\u00ean hoa h\u1ea3i h\u1ed9i” (c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: C\u1ea3nh sum v\u1ea7y vui \u0111\u1eb9p n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u1eadt) th\u00ec m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m n\u0103m 1930.<\/p>\n

Trong cu\u1ed1n \u201cV\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p 1989-1995\u201d do Ban V\u0103n h\u00f3a V\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u00f9a Kim Li\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 10 di t\u00edch ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a Li\u00ean Ph\u00e1i<\/h2>\n

\"Ch\u00f9a<\/a><\/p>\n

\u1ede gi\u1eefa ph\u1ed1 B\u1ea1ch Mai n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ng\u00f5 t\u00ean l\u00e0 ng\u00f5 Ch\u00f9a Li\u00ean Ph\u00e1i. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i d\u1eabn v\u00e0o ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a Li\u00ean Ph\u00e1i c\u1ed5 k\u00ednh. Hai b\u00ean c\u1ed5ng l\u00e0 hai h\u1ed3 r\u1ed9ng, ngay \u1edf c\u1ed5ng ch\u00f9a c\u00f3 th\u00e1p Di\u1ec7u Quang cao 10 t\u1ea7ng h\u00ecnh l\u1ee5c l\u0103ng. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 bia c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m bia k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 t\u00edch ch\u00f9a.<\/p>\n

Qua s\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 b\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1eadu cung. M\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh s\u00e2n tr\u1ed3ng hoa ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch h\u1eadu cung v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 t\u1ed5. Trong ch\u00f9a c\u00f3 15 pho t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfn cho ch\u00f9a Li\u00ean Ph\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t di t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 khu v\u01b0\u1eddn th\u00e1p ph\u00eda sau ch\u00f9a.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3, tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t g\u00f2 \u0111\u1ea5t cao c\u00f3 9 ng\u00f4i th\u00e1p x\u00e2y th\u00e0nh 3 h\u00e0ng: h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 hai ng\u00f4i, h\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa c\u00f3 n\u0103m ng\u00f4i v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng sau hai ng\u00f4i. H\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa ch\u00f3an ph\u1ea7n cao nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ng\u00f4i th\u00e1p C\u1ee9u Sinh b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u00e1ng h\u00e0i c\u1ed1t v\u1ecb s\u01b0 t\u1ed5 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp ra ch\u00f9a Li\u00ean Ph\u00e1i-Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 Tr\u1ecbnh Th\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 t\u00edch v\u1ecb s\u01b0 t\u1ed5 Tr\u1ecbnh Th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 sau: Tr\u1ecbnh Th\u1eadp (hay H\u1ee3p, sinh n\u0103m 1696, m\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1733) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n th\u1ea5t h\u1ecd Tr\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec7 ri\u00eang \u1edf ph\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1ed3ng Mai (nay l\u00e0 B\u1ea1ch Mai). M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecbnh Th\u1eadp cho \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf g\u00f2 cao sau nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y b\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec th\u1ea5y trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 h\u00ecnh ng\u00f3 sen. \u00d4ng cho \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 tin r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 duy\u00ean v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, Tr\u1ecbnh Th\u1eadp bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ch\u00f9a Li\u00ean T\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi xu\u1ed1ng t\u00f3c \u0111i tu v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ecb t\u1ed5 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9a n\u00e0y. \u00d4ng m\u1ea5t n\u0103m 37 tu\u1ed5i, h\u00e0i c\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ng trong ng\u00f4i th\u00e1p x\u00e2y \u1edf gi\u1eefa g\u00f2, n\u01a1i t\u1eebng \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00f3 sen \u0111\u00e1-\u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e1p C\u1ee9u Sinh. Theo m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m bia hi\u1ec7n c\u00f2n \u1edf ch\u00f9a kh\u1eafc n\u0103m 1857 th\u00ec ch\u00f9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1726.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, ch\u00f9a Li\u00ean T\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh Li\u00ean Ph\u00e1i.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ean 250 n\u0103m, ng\u00f4i th\u00e1p C\u1ee9u Sinh c\u0169ng ng\u1ea7n \u1ea5y tu\u1ed5i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00f4i th\u00e1p c\u1ed5 c\u00f3 lai l\u1ecbch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1ea5t, hi\u1ec7n \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00f9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed9 V\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 Di t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed – v\u0103n h\u00f3a ng\u00e0y 28\/4\/1962.<\/p>\n

<\/span>Danh s\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n

***<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: C\u1ea9m nang du l\u1ecbch iVIVU.com<\/a> – Theo: Vietnamplus.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ngay gi\u1eefa th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, t\u1eadp trung h\u01a1n 100 ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a l\u1edbn nh\u1ecf, n\u1eb1m xen k\u1ebd trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea5p n\u1eadp. 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