{"id":2199,"date":"2012-06-18T21:21:41","date_gmt":"2012-06-18T14:21:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ivivu.com\/blog\/?p=2199"},"modified":"2013-12-19T15:14:59","modified_gmt":"2013-12-19T08:14:59","slug":"thanh-nha-ho-don-nhan-di-san-van-hoa-the-gioi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ivivu.com\/blog\/2012\/06\/thanh-nha-ho-don-nhan-di-san-van-hoa-the-gioi\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 H\u1ed3 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn danh hi\u1ec7u Di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y 27\/6\/2011, Th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 H\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c UNESCO ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 Di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u00e0 t\u1ed1i ng\u00e0y 16\/6, Th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 H\u1ed3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn Di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong ni\u1ec1m t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\"Th\u00e0nh<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 H\u1ed3 hi\u1ec7n nay n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean hai x\u00e3 V\u0129nh Ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 V\u0129nh Long (V\u0129nh L\u1ed9c, Thanh Ho\u00e1). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng hai t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed3 Qu\u00fd Ly cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1397, th\u00e0nh n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e2y \u0110\u00f4 (hay T\u00e2y Giai) \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi \u0110\u00f4ng \u0110\u00f4 (Th\u0103ng Long – H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i). X\u00e2y xong th\u00e0nh, H\u1ed3 Qu\u00fd Ly \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eddi \u0111\u00f4 t\u1eeb Th\u0103ng Long v\u1ec1 T\u00e2y \u0110\u00f4.<\/p>\n

Theo s\u1eed li\u1ec7u, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1397, tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb gi\u1eb7c Minh t\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc x\u00e2m l\u0103ng, H\u1ed3 Qu\u00fd Ly \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea5t An T\u00f4n (nay l\u00e0 V\u0129nh L\u1ed9c, Thanh H\u00f3a) \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kinh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eb1m chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00f2ng d\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn n\u1eb1m \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c gi\u1eefa s\u00f4ng M\u00e3 v\u00e0 s\u00f4ng B\u01b0\u1edfi, ph\u00eda b\u1eafc c\u00f3 n\u00fai Th\u1ed5 T\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ph\u00eda t\u00e2y c\u00f3 n\u00fai Ng\u01b0u Ng\u1ecda, ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u00fai H\u1eafc Khuy\u1ec3n, ph\u00eda nam l\u00e0 n\u01a1i h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a s\u00f4ng M\u00e3 v\u00e0 s\u00f4ng B\u01b0\u1edfi.<\/p>\n

\"Th\u00e0nh<\/a><\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 H\u1ed3 g\u1ed3m 3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, La th\u00e0nh, H\u00e0o th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e0nh. La th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng, chu vi kho\u1ea3ng 4 km. H\u00e0o th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o bao quanh b\u1ed1n ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh, c\u00e1ch ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh theo c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng kho\u1ea3ng 50 m. C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh g\u1ea7n vu\u00f4ng. Chi\u1ec1u B\u1eafc – Nam d\u00e0i 870,5 m, chi\u1ec1u \u0110\u00f4ng – T\u00e2y d\u00e0i 883,5 m. B\u1ed1n c\u1ed5ng th\u00e0nh theo ch\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng Nam – B\u1eafc – T\u00e2y – \u0110\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng Ti\u1ec1n – H\u1eadu – T\u1ea3 – H\u1eefu. M\u1ed7i c\u1eeda \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf \u1edf ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa. C\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng theo ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u00ecnh m\u00e1i v\u00f2m. Nh\u1eefng phi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1 tr\u00ean v\u00f2m c\u1eeda \u0111\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebdo h\u00ecnh m\u00fai b\u01b0\u1edfi, x\u1ebfp kh\u00edt l\u00ean nhau.<\/p>\n

C\u1ed5ng ti\u1ec1n (c\u1ed5ng ph\u00eda Nam) l\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng ch\u00ednh, c\u00f3 ba c\u1eeda. C\u1eeda gi\u1eefa r\u1ed9ng 5,82 m, cao 5,75 m, hai c\u1eeda b\u00ean r\u1ed9ng 5,45 m, cao 5,35 m. Ba c\u1ed5ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda. T\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh cao trung b\u00ecnh 5-6 m, ch\u1ed7 cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng ti\u1ec1n cao 10 m.<\/p>\n

N\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi c\u1eeda Nam l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Hoa Nhai (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Ho\u00e0ng Gia) l\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1 d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 2,5 km h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e0n t\u1ebf Nam Giao (n\u01a1i nh\u00e0 vua t\u1ebf l\u1ec5) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 8\/1402.<\/p>\n

To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n c\u1ed5ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng phi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i m\u00e0u xanh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebdo tinh x\u1ea3o, vu\u00f4ng v\u1ee9c, x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng kh\u00edt l\u00ean nhau. C\u00e1c phi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1 d\u00e0i trung b\u00ecnh 1,5 m, c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m d\u00e0i t\u1edbi 6 m, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eb7ng 24 t\u1ea5n. T\u1ed5ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng x\u00e2y th\u00e0nh kho\u1ea3ng 20.000 m3 v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n 100.000 m3 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1eafp c\u00f4ng phu.<\/p>\n

\"Th\u00e0nh<\/a><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng phi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng h\u00e0ng t\u1ea5n ch\u1ec9 x\u1ebfp l\u00ean m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. Qua h\u01a1n 600 n\u0103m c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh c\u00f2n kh\u00e1 nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n, d\u00f9 th\u1eddi gian x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng r\u1ea5t g\u1ea5p g\u00e1p, ch\u1ec9 trong kho\u1ea3ng 3 th\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n

Theo s\u1eed s\u00e1ch trong th\u00e0nh c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n Ho\u00e0ng Nguy\u00ean, cung Di\u00ean Th\u1ecd (ch\u1ed7 \u1edf c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Qu\u00fd Ly), \u0110\u00f4ng cung, t\u00e2y Th\u00e1i Mi\u1ebfu, \u0111\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i mi\u1ebfu, n\u00fai Th\u1ecd K\u1ef3, D\u1ee5c T\u01b0\u1ee3ng… r\u1ea5t nguy nga, ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec kinh \u0111\u00f4 Th\u0103ng Long.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u1ea3i qua h\u01a1n 600 n\u0103m t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y. Nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u t\u00edch n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a cung \u0111i\u1ec7n x\u01b0a gi\u1edd v\u1eabn \u0111ang n\u1eb1m \u1ea9n m\u00ecnh ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n quanh v\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: Tham kh\u1ea3o t\u1ea1i D\u00e2n tr\u00ed, VnExpress<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y 27\/6\/2011, Th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 H\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c UNESCO ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 Di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. 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