{"id":73894,"date":"2015-03-04T10:20:43","date_gmt":"2015-03-04T03:20:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ivivu.com\/blog\/?p=73894"},"modified":"2015-03-04T10:39:51","modified_gmt":"2015-03-04T03:39:51","slug":"nhung-su-that-khong-ngo-toi-ve-noc-nha-the-gioi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ivivu.com\/blog\/2015\/03\/nhung-su-that-khong-ngo-toi-ve-noc-nha-the-gioi\/","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd t\u1edbi v\u1ec1 \u2018N\u00f3c nh\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"

Everest – ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai cao nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi – ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n, nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 \u00edt ai ng\u1edd t\u1edbi. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai b\u1ea9n nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi,\u00a0Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nepal \u0111\u00e3 ra lu\u1eadt m\u1edbi t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2014, trong \u0111\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi leo n\u00fai ph\u1ea3i \u0111em xu\u1ed1ng kho\u1ea3ng 8kg r\u00e1c, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t 4.000 \u0111\u00f4la ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc…<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\"Ngay<\/a>

Lo\u00e0i nh\u1ec7n n\u00fai:<\/strong> Ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u1edf tr\u00ean cao v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed lo\u00e3ng, ta v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi lo\u00e0i nh\u1ec7n. Euophrys Omnisuperstes (ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201c\u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3\u201d), hay c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1ec7n nh\u1ea3y Himalaya, tr\u1ed1n trong c\u00e1c h\u1ed1c v\u00e0 khe n\u1ee9t tr\u00ean s\u01b0\u1eddn n\u00fai Everest. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi leo n\u00fai \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao 6.700m. Nh\u1eefng con nh\u1ec7n n\u00e0y s\u1ed1ng nh\u1edd v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng con c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng b\u1ecb gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh th\u1ed5i l\u00ean n\u00fai. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hi\u1ebfm hoi s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u00f3.<\/p><\/div>\n

\"Apa<\/a>

Hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00e8o l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh 21 l\u1ea7n:<\/strong> Apa Sherpa v\u00e0 Phurba Tashi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c leo Everest nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t. Hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9c Sherpa n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 leo l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh 21 l\u1ea7n. Phurba leo l\u00ean \u201cN\u00f3c nh\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi\u201d 3 l\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 trong n\u0103m 2007, v\u00e0 Apa leo h\u00e0ng n\u0103m t\u1eeb 1990 \u0111\u1ebfn 2011. Apa cho bi\u1ebft anh \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Everest do hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00f3ng l\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/p><\/div>\n

\"<\/a>

Xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u1edf n\u01a1i cao nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi:<\/strong> Chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh Everest kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng di\u1ec5n ra trong h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. N\u0103m 2013, ba nh\u00e0 leo n\u00fai Ueli Steck, Simone Moro v\u00e0 Jonathan Griffith \u0111\u00e3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eef d\u1ed9i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Sherpa sau khi l\u1edd \u0111i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u1eebng leo t\u1eeb ph\u00eda h\u1ecd. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Sherpa c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 leo n\u00fai ng\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecd v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 l\u1edf tuy\u1ebft \u1eadp l\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Sherpa kh\u00e1c ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 leo n\u00fai \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Sherpa \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u1ecd. Sau v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nepal \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hai b\u00ean k\u00ed m\u1ed9t th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn.<\/p><\/div>\n

\"D\u00f9<\/a>

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed 450 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m:<\/strong> D\u00f9 d\u00e3y Himalaya h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb 60 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Everest b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e2u h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. L\u1edbp \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i v\u00e0 sa th\u1ea1ch \u1edf \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai t\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0o 450 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Theo th\u1eddi gian, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng bi\u1ec3n t\u00edch t\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00ean v\u1edbi v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c 11 cm\/n\u0103m, cho t\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec9nh n\u00fai c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 v\u1ecf \u1ed1c t\u1eebng s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi c\u1ed5.<\/p><\/div>\n

\"N\u00fai<\/a>

Tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u cao:<\/strong> N\u00fai Everest cao ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c bao nhi\u00eau? \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u1edf bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o. Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec9nh Everest cao 8.844 m trong khi Nepal cho bi\u1ebft n\u00f3 cao 8.848 m. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 do Trung Qu\u1ed1c cho r\u1eb1ng chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a Everest kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u00ednh c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n b\u0103ng h\u00e0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 th\u00f4i. Hai qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0a ra chi\u1ec1u cao 8.848 m cho Everest v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2010.<\/p><\/div>\n

\"N\u0103m<\/a>

\u0110\u1ec9nh n\u00fai v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cao l\u00ean:<\/strong> N\u0103m 1994, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra r\u1eb1ng Everest cao th\u00eam 4 mm m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. Ti\u1ec3u l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, sau \u0111\u00f3 va v\u00e0o ch\u00e2u \u00c1, t\u1ea1o ra d\u00e3y Himalaya. Ch\u00fang v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ea9y d\u00e3y n\u00fai l\u00ean cao h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eafn m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u1ec7 tinh \u1edf \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a Everest v\u00e0 con s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 8.850m.<\/p><\/div>\n

\"Ph\u1ea7n<\/a>

Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ean g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/strong> Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft t\u1edbi c\u00e1i t\u00ean \u201cEverest\u201d, ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i t\u00ean \u201cChomolungma\u201d (ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cM\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai\u201d) \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nepal g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cSagarmatha\u201d, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cV\u1ea7ng tr\u00e1n tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi\u201d. \u0110\u1ec9nh n\u00fai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean \u201cEverest\u201d khi nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh, Andrew Waugh, kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng hay d\u00f9ng. Sau khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c xung quanh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y g\u00ec, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai theo nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n, \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00e1 George Everest, tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t d\u00e3y Himalaya. \u0110\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Everest \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i nh\u1eadn vinh d\u1ef1 n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng Anh \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai trong c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1eeb \u201c\u0110\u1ec9nh XV\u201d sang \u201cN\u00fai Everest\u201d v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1965.<\/p><\/div>\n

\"D\u00f9<\/a>

T\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/strong> D\u00f9 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1n h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n \u0111\u00f4la cho m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn leo Everest, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u1ed1 chinh ph\u1ee5c n\u00f3. N\u0103m 2012, nh\u00e0 leo n\u00fai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ralf Dujmovits \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho th\u1ea5y h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai. Ng\u00e0y 19 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2012, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi leo n\u00fai t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec9nh Everest \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1edd hai ti\u1ebfng li\u1ec1n. Ch\u1ec9 trong n\u1eeda ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 234 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ean t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec9nh, nh\u01b0ng 4 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng, g\u00e2y ra lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh leo. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia Nepal \u0111\u00e3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1p c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1eefa \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e3n b\u1edbt d\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p><\/div>\n

\"Ch\u00fang<\/a>

Ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai b\u1ea9n nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi leo n\u00fai tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chinh ph\u1ee5c Everest, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ebfm khi c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i ph\u00eda sau. Tr\u00ean Everest kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi leo n\u00fai x\u1ea5u s\u1ed1 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 50 t\u1ea5n r\u00e1c, con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y t\u0103ng l\u00ean theo m\u1ed7i m\u00f9a. C\u00e1c s\u01b0\u1eddn n\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7y b\u00ecnh \u00f4xy r\u1ed7ng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb leo n\u00fai v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ed9i Eco Everest Expedition \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2008, t\u1edbi gi\u1edd h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 thu nh\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 13 t\u1ea5n r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nepal \u0111\u00e3 ra lu\u1eadt m\u1edbi t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2014, trong \u0111\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi leo n\u00fai ph\u1ea3i \u0111em xu\u1ed1ng kho\u1ea3ng 8kg r\u00e1c, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t 4.000 \u0111\u00f4la ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc.<\/p><\/div>\n

\"D\u00f9<\/a>

Everest kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai cao nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi:<\/strong> D\u00f9 \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a Everest \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, Mauna Kea, m\u1ed9t n\u00fai l\u1eeda \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf Hawaii, \u0111ang gi\u1eef k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c l\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai cao nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Mauna Kea ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 cao 4.205 m so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng n\u00fai l\u1eeda n\u00e0y c\u00f2n tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i 6.000 m d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u00ednh t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec9nh, chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai l\u00ean t\u1edbi 10.200 m. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, Everest c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec9nh cao nh\u1ea5t. Chimborazo c\u1ee7a Ecuador ch\u1ec9 cao 6.267 m so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh cao nh\u1ea5t t\u00ednh t\u1eeb trung t\u00e2m Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 do Chimborazo n\u1eb1m c\u00e1ch x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o 1 \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nam, Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ph\u00ecnh ra \u1edf gi\u1eefa n\u00ean m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Ecuador c\u00e1ch xa t\u00e2m Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Nepal.<\/p><\/div>\n

Theo\u00a0Zing News<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Xem th\u00eam c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nepal gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p chinh ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec9nh Everest<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

12 l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n du l\u1ecbch Nepal \u201cngay v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n\u201d<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Nepal l\u1eafp b\u1eadc thang tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh Everest<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

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